The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals.

Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK. GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK. deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland. MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK. William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany. Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden. Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Sweden. Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT126JP, UK. Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. INSERM UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. University Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 rue de l'Ecole de medicine, F-75006 Paris, France. National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland. Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland. University of Lund, Dept Internal Medicine, Malmo, SE 20502, Sweden. University of Verona, Dept of Internal Medicine, Verona, Italy 37134. Uppsala University, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA. Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK. NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK. Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic, Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark. Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen, Denmark. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA. Dept. Dev. Bio. And Genetics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea. Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennyslvania, USA. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland. HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35086, USA. Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands. Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy. Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. INSERM Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Villejuif, France University Paris-Sud, URMS 1018, Villejuif, France. Geriatric Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze (ASF), Florence, Italy. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK. University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK. NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK. School of Life Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK. Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Dept of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany. The Barts Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK. Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 17, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK. Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK. Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore. Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore. Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228. Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK. Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany. Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany. UMR744 Inserm-Lille2-Institut Pasteur Lille, France. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK. NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK. Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QT, UK. Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics. IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden. Science for Life Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden. Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universiät zu Lübeck, RatzeburgerAllee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany. Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia. Divisions of Endocrinology/Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil University Hospital, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France. Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore MD, USA. Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA. Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland. Synpromics Ltd, 9 Bioquarter, Little France Road, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, Scotland. University of Michigan Medical School, 7220 MSRB III, Ann Arbor MI 48109, USA. EPIMED Research Centre - Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK. National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany. Department of Medicine III, Division Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland. Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland. Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK. UREN, INSERM U557, INRA U1125, CNAM, SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France. Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland. Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland. Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, 39100, Italy - affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway. St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar. Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, The Netherlands. Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany. Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany. Hannover Medical School, Institute for Human Genetics, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany. Kaiser Permanente, Division of Research, Oakland, CA 94612, USA. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA. Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland. Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104 USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK. Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA. 1st Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center 356, Sygrou Ave, Athens, Greece. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK. Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA. MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1B 5JU, UK. Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland. Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland. Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc., Talamban, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines. Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Talamban, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines. Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan. School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan. Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan. Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan. Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA. European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France. Lille 2 University, Lille, France. Center for Evidence-based Healthcare, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany. Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany. Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 81377, Germany. Neurology Unit, University of Cambridge, R3, Box 83, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, Cb2 0QQ, UK. Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Str, Athens, Greece. INSERM U1142 LIMICS, UMR_S 1142 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Université Paris 13, Paris, France. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK. Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy. Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monseratto, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy. Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland. School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, USA. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK. Divisions of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Genetics and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK. Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, 39100, Italy. Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA. Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA. Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre Ontario, Canada. Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, Ontario, Canada. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Ave., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK. South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Germany. Technische Universität München, Germany. Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), München, Germany. Munich Heart Alliance, Germany. Center For Life-course Health Research, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland. College of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117597. University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland. Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore. Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA. Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. Department of internal medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands. Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland. Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830 East Monument St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Centre of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB 1-2), NGI Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Section of Preventive medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA. Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA. Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA3430, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands. Epidemiology Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. Ministry of Health, Victoria, Republic of Seychelles. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, USA. MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK. Enterprise Informatics, Illumina Inc., Santa Clara CA, 95050, USA. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, 9711, The Netherlands. Dept Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Medicine, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland. Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462 Kuwait. Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria. Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA. Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, P5, 7, 68161 Mannheim, Germany. Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, P.O.Box 20, FI-90220 Oulu, 90029 OYS, Finland. Grosshadern, Klinikum, München 81377, Germany. The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Mindich Child health Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK.

Nature genetics. 2016;(10):1171-1184

Abstract

To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.

Methodological quality

Publication Type : Meta-Analysis

Metadata

MeSH terms : Blood Pressure